EU average household electricity price remained stable, but differences between countries were large

In the first half of 2025, the average household electricity price in the EU remained largely stable at €0.2872/kWh, according to Eurostat. This maintains a period of price stability, although prices are still significantly higher than the levels before the energy crisis in 2022.

For households with an average annual consumption between 2 500 and 5 000 kWh, prices in the first half of 2025 were highest in Germany (EUR 0.3835/kWh), Belgium (EUR 0.3571/kWh), Denmark (EUR 0.3485/kWh) and Italy (EUR 0.3291/kWh).

At the other end of the scale, with the lowest prices, were Hungary (EUR 0.1040/kWh), Malta (EUR 0.1244/kWh) and Bulgaria (EUR 0.1300/kWh). For German households, the price of electricity was 34% higher than the EU average, while in Hungary, Malta and Bulgaria consumers paid less than half this average.

The average EU household electricity price without taxes, which includes the cost of energy, supply and network services, remained relatively stable between 2016 and 2020. Prices rose sharply in the two halves of 2022, peaking at EUR 0.2385/kWh in the first half of 2023. In the second half of the same year, the tax-free price decreased to EUR 0.2244/kWh, starting a period of stabilisation at levels above those before the energy crisis. At the beginning of 2024, the price was EUR 0,2222/kWh, in the second half of the year EUR 0,2175/kWh and in the first half of 2025 it continued to decrease to EUR 0,2079/kWh.

In the first half of 2025, the share of taxes and levies in the EU electricity price is lowest in the Netherlands, where the figures were even negative (-13.6%). Negative tax values, reflecting subsidies and reductions granted, were also observed in Ireland, Luxembourg and Austria.

The highest relative share of taxes was reported in Denmark – 47.7% of the total electricity price. The average share of taxes and levies in the EU in the first half of 2025 amounted to 27.6%, an increase of 3.8 pp compared to the first half of 2024 and 2.9 pp compared to the second half of the same year. This increase was mainly due to the gradual reduction of subsidies and allowances..

Данъкът върху добавената стойност (ДДС) в ЕС представлява средно 15,0% от общата.

Value added tax (VAT) in the EU represented on average 15.0% of the total price.